Timeline: Jacomina JU: The ZUURDEEG Family

1691 - Bef 1722 (~ 30 years)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1691	3 Oct 1691: Limerick, Ireland - The Treaty of Limerick allows Catholics in Ireland to exercise their religion freely, but severe penal laws soon follow. The French War begins
2	1692	1692: England - Retribution against Catholics who helped James II until 1710, lands confiscated, given to Protestants; harsh laws passed against Catholic religion and trade 1692: NL - De jenever wordt volksdrank. 13 Feb 1692: Glencoe, Scotland - The Glencoe Massacre occurs 3 Aug 1692: England - Battle of Steinkirk and Battle of Lande (against France), both defeats for England, through into 1693 22 Oct 1692: CA - Marie Madelaine Jarret de Vercheres defends the family fort with a handful of seniors and children against the Iroquois, a true youthful hero of New France.
3	1693	1693: England - Richest counties: Middlesex (with London), Surrey, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Oxfordshire, Northamptonshire; Poorest Counties: Cheshire, Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire, Northumberland, Durham, Cumberland
4	1694	1694: England - Triennial Act sets the maximum duration of a parliament to three years 1694: England - Death of Queen Mary; King William now rules alone. 1694: England - Foundation of the Bank of England
5	1695	1695: England - Lapse of the Licensing Act
6	1696	1696: CA - European fur market collapses as fashion temporarily changes, leading to an increase in colonist settlers wanting permanent land to clear and farm.
7	1697	1697: England - Blasphemy Act in England 1697: England - Civil List Act votes funds for the maintenance of the Royal Household 1697: England - Peace of Ryswick between the allied powers of the League of Augsburg and France ends the French War 1697: After almost a decade of guerrilla warfare, the Peace of Ryswick merely confirms the status quo, even returning Acadia, captured by the English, to the French. England and France make temporary peace in 1697 (Treaty of Ryswick). 10 Nov 1697: England - Birth of William Hogarth (died 1764), bitter satirical artist of great genius, chronicling social evils of the times
8	1698	1698: England - Thomas Savery patented an engine which produced a vacuum by condensing steam. It was employed for raising water from a mine and supplying water to several country houses. 1698: Russia - Tsar Peter the Great begins taxing men with beards
9	1699	23 May 1699: America - John Bartram was born. A naturalist and explorer, considered 'father of American botany'; established a world renowned botanical garden in Philadelphia in 1728.
10	1700	1700: England - Population of England and Wales estimated at 5.5 million 1700: England - Population of English colonies in America, 200,000 1700: CA - Population of Acadia is 1,400. Clear that New France is not going to be self-sufficient. 1700: NL - Invoering van de Gregoriaanse kalender in Friesland. Op 31-12-1700 volgde 12-01-1701. 26 Jan 1700: CA - The Cascadia Earthquake, one of the largest earthquakes on record, ruptures the Cascadia Subduction Zone offshore from Vancouver Island to northern California, creating a tsunami that wiped out the winter village of Pachena Bay leaving no survivors.
11	1701	1701: England - Jethro Tull invents the seed drill. 1701: England - Death of James II in exile, King Louis of France recognises James's son as King James III 1701: England - The Act of Settlement settles the Royal Succession on the Protestant descendants of Sophia of Hanover. William III forms a grand alliance between England, Holland and Austria to prevent the union of the Spanish and French crowns. The War of the Spanish Succession breaks out in Europe over the vacant throne 1701: CA - Detroit, Michigan founded as Fort Pontchartrain du détroit by Antoine de Lamothe Cadillac. 1701: CA - War of the Spanish Succession begins in Europe; spreads to North America (Queen Anne's War) in 1702. 1701: CA- Peace treaty signed between the Iroquois Confederacy and the French and English. 1701: NL - Lodewijk XIV bezet de Zuidelijke Nederlanden.
12	1702	1702: England - Queen Anne, ruler of England to 1714. House of Stuart (restored): 2nd daughter of James II. Died with no living heirs. 1702: England - England tries to prevent grandson of Louis of France from taking Spanish throne; John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, instrumental in uniting England, Holland, Austria and Germany against France (period to 1713) 1702: England - Queen Anne's War: England declares war on France as part of the War of the Spanish Succession. English Colonies vs France 1702-1713. 1702: England - Death of King William III in a riding accident. He is succeeded by his sister-in-law. 1702: England - Freehold yeomen represent one eigth of population of England. Substantial tenant farmers represent a little less; coffee houses become popular 1702: CA - For the next 11 years, The short-lived Peace of Ryswick collapses with the outbreak of the War of the Spanish Succession, which erupts in the colonies as Queen Anne's War. It ends with France losing North American territory to Britain. 1702: NL - Willem III van Oranje-Nassau overlijdt aan de gevolgen van een val van zijn paard op Hampton Court.
13	1703	1703: Epworth, Lincolnshire, England - Birth of John Wesley. By 1784, 356 Methodist chapels built in places lacking church 1703: CA - Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil becomes Governor of New France.
14	1704	1704: England - Johann Sebastian Bach began composing music 1704: Gibraltar - British capture Gibraltar from Spain 1704: CA - French destroy the English settlement at Bonavista, Newfoundland. 13 Aug 1704: England - British, Dutch, German and Austrian troops, under the Duke of Marlborough, defeat the French and Bavarians at the Battle of Blenheim
15	1706	1706: London, England - The Evening Post, first evening newspaper issued 23 May 1706: Netherlands - British, Bavarian and Austrian troops under Marlborough defeat the French at the Battle of Ramillies, and expel the French from the Netherlands
16	1707	1707: Great Britain - The Act of Union unites the kingdoms of England and Scotland and transfers the seat of Scottish Government to London 1707: CA - Port Royal is attacked twice by the English from Massachusetts.
17	1708	1708: NL - Strenge winter : vorst van 24 December tot in Mei. 11 Jul 1708: England - The Duke of Marlborough defeats the French at the Battle of Oudenarde. The French incur heavy losses. Queen Anne vetoes a parliamentary bill to recognise the Scottish militia. This is the last time a bill is vetoed by the sovereign
18	1709	1709: England - Bartolomeo Cristofori invents the piano. 1709: England - Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit constructed an alcohol thermometer 1709: Great Britain - Quaker Abraham Darby discovers coal-smelting technique for producing pig-iron, replaces charcoal method 1709: CA - In New France, slavery becomes legal. 11 Sep 1709: England - Duke of Marlborough defeats the French at the Battle of Malplaquet
19	1710	1710: Great Britain - Wooden panelling replaces tapestry as wall covering 1710: Great Britain - A Tory ministry is formed, under Harley, with the impeachment of Dr. Sacheverell and the fall of the Whig government 1710: CA - Francis Nicholson captures Port Royal for England. 1710: CA - The English recapture Acadia, this time permanently, and rename it Nova Scotia. 1710: CA - The English take Port Royal and name it Annapolis Royal. 1710: CA - The Mandan Indians west of the Great Lakes begin to trade in horses descended from those brought to Texas by the Spanish. Itinerant Assiniboine Indians bring them from Mandan settlements to their own territories southwest of Lake Winnipeg. 1710: UK - Three Mohawk chiefs and one Mahican are received in Queen Anne's court in England as the Four Kings of the New World.
20	1711	1711: Great Britain - Englishman John Shore invents the tuning fork. 1711: NL - Johan Willem Friso, erfstadhouder van Friesland, verdrinkt in het Hollands Diep. 1711: US - Tuscarora War on North Carolina frontier fought between British settlers and Tuscarora Indians. Remnants of this Iroquoian tribe migrate north.
21	1712	1712: Great Britain - Thomas Newcomen patents the atmospheric steam engine. 1712: CA - Fox resistance against the French in the Great Lakes area.
22	1713	1713: Europe - The Treaty of Utrecht is signed by Britain and France, thus concluding the War of the Spanish Succession 1713: CA - After loss of lands to England in the Treaty of Utrecht, France starts building Fortress Louisbourg near the eastern tip of l'Ile-Royale. 1713: CA - At the conclusion of Queen Anne's War - Maine Abenakis and Iroquois from Quebec (Caughnawaga) attack the English colonists on behalf of the French, but lose. The European nations negotiate their settlement at the Treaty of Utrecht (1713); Louis XIV cedes Hudson Bay, Acadia (Nova Scotia) and Newfoundland (but not Cape Breton Island or St. John's Island) to Great Britain. 1713: NL - Via Azië en Rusland bereikt de (1e) veepest epidemie ons land. 1713: US - Turcarora War (North Carolina) -- Under the English Col. John Barnwell, then Col. James Moore, the Tuscarora Nation was repeatedly attacked, its chiefs tortured, its people sold (10 pounds sterling each) into slavery. The survivors fled northward and settled among the Haudenosee (Iroquois) 5 Nations.
23	1714	1714: Great Britain - George I,ruler of England to 1727. House of Hanover: Son of Elector of Hanover, by Sophia, grand-daughter of James I. Proclaimed King under Act of Settlement. 1714: Great Britain - Quaker John Belles urges founding of hospitals as training grounds for medical students; Board of Longitude created, £20,000 competition for accurate maritime charts and maps 1714: Great Britain - Death of Queen Anne at Kensington Palace. A new parliament is elected with a strong Whig majority, led by Charles Townshend and Robert Walpole 1714: Great Britain - During period to 1742 there are no big increases from population of about 5.5 million but the distribution changes: East Anglia loses; West Country, South and East Midlands, East Riding and North (except Tyneside) fairly static; West Riding and South Lancashire increase; West Midlands, Surrey and Middlesex grow rapidly with London (London 500,000, Bristol 50,000; Manchester, Liverpool, Sheffield, Leeds, Halifax, Birmingham and Coventry, no longer sprawling villages, but still under 50,000); cause is immigration from cities and (in NW) from Ireland 1714: Great Britain - Rioting by Tory and Jacobite mobs commonplace in London (unemployed soldiers, craftsmen), passage of Riot Act, giving increased power to Justices of the Peace through to 1715
24	1715	1715: Great Britain - The Septennial Act sets General Elections to be held every seven years 1715: Great Britain - Thomas Fairchild produced the first artificial hybrid plant 1715: Scotland - The Jacobite Rebellion begins in Scotland with the aim of overthrowing the Hanovarian succession and placing the 'Old Pretender' - James II's son - on the throne. The rebellion is easily defeated
25	1716	1716: Italy - John Lombe steals plans for silk manufacture, returning to England he and brother Thomas build vast factory on island at Derby 1716: Scotland - James Lind was born. Lind was a Scottish physician who recommended that fresh citrus fruit and lemon juice be included in the seamen's diet to eliminate scurvy. The Dutch had been doing this for almost two hundred years. 1716: CA - Jacques Talbot came to Montreal as a schoolmaster.
26	1717	1717: Europe - England allies with French and Dutch against Spanish, Spanish brought to heel in 1718 1717: Great Britain - Edmond Halley invents the diving bell. 1717: Great Britain - John Lombe in England invents a machine for 'throwing' silk which produces a strong twisted thread 1717: Great Britain - Townshend is dismissed from government by George I, causing Walpole to resign. The Whig party is split. Convocation is suspended 1717: CA - Fort Kaministiquia was founded by French merchants to be the first in a series of forts reaching westward to expand trade and seek a route to the western sea. (Daniel Greysolon Dulhut had built a fort, (Fort Caministigoyan), at the same location on the Kaministiquia River in 1679.) 1717: NL - Bij een stormvloed tijdens de kerstmis komen in Groningen en Friesland 5000 mensen om.
27	1719	1719: British North America - The first potato planted North Amercia was planted in Londonderry Common Field, New Hampshire. 1719: Great Britain - The South Sea Bubble bursts, leaving many investors ruined after speculating with stock of the South Sea Company
28	1720	1720: Great Britain - Hospitals founded in London: Guy's, St. George's, London & Middlesex in period to 1745 1720: Great Britain - Dr. Richard Mead publishes Short Discourse Concerning Pestilential Contagion, advocates quarantine, proposes establishment of government Council of Health; inoculation against smallpox introduced from Constantinople by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu 1720: Meiringen, Switzerland - Invention of meringue is attributed to an Italian pastry chef named Gasparini. 1720: UK - Lord Baltimore sponsors expedition to bring settlers to Newfoundland. 1720: US - French forts along the Mississippi River spread northward from New Orleans.
29	1721	1721: Great Britain - Sir Robert Walpole returns to government as First Lord of the Treasury. He remains in office until 1742 and effectively becomes Britain's first Prime Minister 1721: CA - 800 Acadians take oath of allegiance to the French.
30	1722	1722: France - C. Hopffer patents the fire extinguisher. 1722: Great Britain - Death of the Duke of Marlborough. The Jacobite 'Atterbury Plot' is hatched 1722: Great Britain - First written reference to Stilton cheese in William Stukeley's Itinerarium Curiosum, letter V 1722: US - The Tuscarora become the sixth tribe of the Iroquois Confederacy.